12 supplement ingredients you should avoid

Twelve supplements you should avoid
The 12 supplement ingredients in this table have been linked to serious adverse events or, in the case of glandular
supplements, to strong theoretical risks. They're all readily available on the Web, where our shoppers bought them both
individually and in multi-ingredient “combination products.” We think it's wise to avoid all of them. But the strength of that
warning varies with the strength of the evidence and the size of the risk. So we've divided the dirty dozen into three categories:
definitely hazardous, very likely hazardous, and likely hazardous.

DEFINITELY HAZARDOUS
Documented organ failure and known carcinogenic properties

Aristolochic acid(Aristolochia, birthwort, snakeroot, snakeweed, sangree root, sangrel, serpentary, serpentaria; asarum canadense, wild ginger). Can be an ingredient in Chinese herbal products labeled fang ji, mu tong, ma dou ling, and mu xiang. Can be an unlabeled substitute for other herbs,
including akebia, asarum, clematis, cocculus, stephania, and vladimiria species. Potent human carcinogen; kidney failure, sometimes requiring
transplant; deaths reported.

FDA warning to consumers and industry and import alert, in April 2001. Banned in 7 European countries and Egypt, Japan, and Venezuela.

VERY LIKELY HAZARDOUS
Banned in other countries, FDA warning, or adverse effects in studies
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale, ass ear, black root, blackwort, bruisewort, consolidate radix, consound, gum plant, healing herb, knitback, nitbone, salsify, slippery root, symphytum radix, wallwort) Abnormal liver function or damage, often irreversible; deaths reported.

FDA advised industry to remove from market in July 2001.
Androstenedione
(4-androstene-3, 17-dione, andro, androstene) Increased cancer risk, decrease in HDL cholesterol.

FDA warned 23 companies to stop manufacturing, marketing, and distributing in March 2004.
Banned by athletic associations.

Chaparral (Larrea divaricata, creosote bush, greasewood, hediondilla, jarilla, larreastat) Abnormal liver function or damage, often irreversible; deaths reported.

FDA warning to consumers in December 1992.

Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys, wall germander, wild germander) Abnormal liver function or damage, often irreversible; deaths reported.

Banned in France and Germany.

Kava (Piper methysticum, ava, awa, gea, gi, intoxicating pepper, kao, kavain, kawa-pfeffer, kew, long pepper, malohu, maluk, meruk, milik,
rauschpfeffer, sakau, tonga, wurzelstock, yagona, yangona) Abnormal liver function or damage, occasionally irreversible; deaths reported.

FDA warning to consumers in March 2002. Banned in Canada, Germany, Singapore, South Africa, and Switzerland.

LIKELY HAZARDOUS
Adverse-event reports or theoretical risks

Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium, green orange, kijitsu, neroli oil, Seville orange, shangzhou zhiqiao, sour orange, zhi oiao, zhi xhi)
High blood pressure; increased risk of heart arrythmias, heart attack, stroke.

Banned: None

Organ/glandular extracts (brain/adrenal/pituitary/ placenta/other gland “substance” or “concentrate”) Theoretical risk of mad cow disease,
Particularly from brain extracts.

FDA banned highrisk bovine materials from older cows in foods and supplements in January 2004.

(High-risk parts from cows under 30 months still permitted.) Banned in France and Switzerland.

Lobelia (Lobelia inflata, asthma weed, bladderpod, emetic herb, gagroot, lobelie, Indian tobacco, pukeweed, vomit wort, wild tobacco)
Breathing difficulty, rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, diarrhea, dizziness, tremors; possible deaths reported.

Banned in Bangladesh and Italy.

Pennyroyal oil (Hedeoma pulegioides, lurk-in-the-ditch, mosquito plant, piliolerial, pudding grass, pulegium, run-by-the-ground, squaw balm, squawmint, stinking balm, tickweed)

Liver and kidney failure, nerve damage, convulsions, abdominal tenderness, burning of the throat; deaths reported.
Banned: None

Scullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora, blue pimpernel, helmet flower, hoodwort, mad weed, mad-dog herb, mad-dog weed, quaker bonnet, scutelluria, skullcap)

Abnormal liver function or damage.
Banned: None

Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe, johimbi, yohimbehe, yohimbine)
Change in blood pressure, heart arrythmias, respiratory depression, heart attack; deaths reported.

Banned: None

Comments

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